Bases neurais da ansiedade matemática: implicações para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem
Tipo de documento
Lista de autores
Moura-Silva, Marcos Guilherme, Torres, João Bento y Gonçalves, Tadeu Oliver
Resumen
A ansiedade matemática é um fenômeno global e altamente prevalente, possuindo marcadores fisiológicos, cognitivos e comportamentais. No entanto, pouco se conhece sobre seus mecanismos neurais subjacentes. Fornecemos uma Revisão Sistemática de estudos que investigaram os correlatos neurais da Ansiedade Matemática (AM) na última década e discutimos suas implicações para o processo de ensino aprendizagem. Foram selecionadas pesquisas que avaliaram parâmetros fisiológicos da função cerebral de indivíduos com AM através de bancos de dados eletrônicos, atentando-se a critérios de inclusão e exclusão delineados. A qualidade da literatura foi analisada a partir dos 11 itens da escala de qualidade PEDro e conduzida pelo fluxograma de seleção de estudos PRISMA, resultando na inclusão de 14 estudos neurocientíficos. Em geral, a literatura vem sugerir que as redes neurais de medo e de dor são estimuladas antes e durante tarefas numéricas em indivíduos com alta AM. Além disso, há uma capacidade reduzida de Memória de Trabalho e déficit de atenção/inibição em indivíduos com alta AM. Eles também são mais propensos a cometer erros em tarefas matemáticas, tem representações menos precisas de magnitude numérica, abordam os problemas matemáticos de maneira diferente de seus pares menos ansiosos e tendem a elevar mais recursos de controle cognitivo para concluir objetivos com estímulos aversivos relacionados ao raciocínio matemático, podendo impactar a eficiência de processamento e gerar déficits de desempenho. Resultados suportam, ainda, que os efeitos da AM estão associados à uma menor ativação cortical já durante os estágios iniciais do processamento de estímulos numéricos, independente da complexidade da tarefa. Implicações para guiar a prática do professor que ensina Matemática são discutidas à luz das evidências.
Fecha
2020
Tipo de fecha
Estado publicación
Términos clave
Enfoque
Idioma
Revisado por pares
Formato del archivo
Volumen
34
Número
66
Rango páginas (artículo)
246-267
ISSN
19804415
Referencias
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